Drill chuck



Sept. 16, 1930. G. w. EMRlcK DRILL CHUCK Filed July 11, 1929 l .In

744,76 anni fr III-IIIIII INVENTOR. george M/fmrz'ca ATTORNE Patented Sept. 16, 1939 @FFCE GEORGE W. EMR-IGK, 0F BROOKLYN, NEV YORK, .ASSIGNOR TO ETTCO TOOL CO. INC., 0F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, A CORFOBATION OF .TEVJ YORK DRILL CHUCK Application led July 11, 1929. Serial No. 377,399.

This invention relates to drill chucks and particularly to devices of this class having means for firmly engaging a drill or other tool and for quickly releasing such tool whenever desired, and particularly to chuck devices such as disclosed in my prior application, bearing Serial Number 357,648, led April 2li, 1929, and the principal object of my invention is to provide a jaw supporting and operating unit for chuck devices of the class specied, which by virtue of its construction and assemblage of parts may be inserted and removed from the casing ofthe chuck as a unit, facilitating the replacement thereof Whenever necessary or desirable; a further object being to provide a unit of the class specified involving a collar in free screw threaded engagement with the casing of the device, a sleeve permanently coupled with said collar and with which the collar is freely rotatable as well as readily movable, and a thrust ring disposed within the sleeve and upon which the inner or upper ends of the jaws supported in connection with the sleeve are adapted to operate in taking up the thrust as well as the arrangement of a. plurality of bearing balls between the opposed surfaces of the ring and said collar with means for preventing the displacement of said balls; a still further object being to provide a unit of the class specified wherein thethrust ring is provided with an angular bearing face arranged at right angles to the longitudinal plane of the jaws to prevent excessive friction and binding of the jaws in connect-ion with said unit, the upper ends of the jaws having flat surfaces adapted to engage the beveled surface of said ring; and with these and other objects in view, the invention consists in a device of the Class and for the purpose speciiied, which is simple in construction, efficient in use, and which is constructed as hereinafter described and claimed.

The invention is fully disclosed in the following specilicaticn, of which the accompanying drawing forms a part, in which the separate parts of my improvement are designated by suitable reference characters in each of the views, and in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal, sectional view through a chuck made according to my invention.

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional, detail view of the jaw suplporting and operating unit, detached; anc,

Fig. 4 is a side view of a part of the construction shown in Figs. l and 3.

In Fig. l of the drawing7 l have shown at 5 a spindle of the usual or conventional form in connection with which my improved chuck is mounted. The spindle has a tapered end portion 6 which is adapted to be coupled with a spindle receiving part 7 arranged within the easing 8 of the chuck. The casing 8 is tubular in form, the outer wall being prefer ably provided with longitudinal ribs 9 to facilitate the rotation of said casing by hand, the upper end of the casing being closed by a cover or ring 10 in which the part 7 is rotatably mounted.

The bore of the casing 8 has at its upper end portion an internal square screw thread l1; and a jaw guiding part l2 is in screw threaded engagement with the lower end of said casing as seen at 13, the part 12 having in the construction shown, three angularly disposed bores or apertures 14 which open through the lower end of said part and into the casing 8 at the upper end thereof and in which jaws 15 are mounted to move longitudinally of said bores.

rl`he part 12 includes a central bore or aperture 16 which limits the size of the drill shank insertable into the chuck, it being understood at this time that the chuck may be made in different sizes. The part 12 terminates at its upper end in a bearing sleeve 17 in which a stub shaft or trunnion 18 at the lower end of the part 7 is arranged to aline the part '.7 with respect to the part 12, and thus centralise the tool with respect to the axis of the spindle 5. t will be noted in this connection. that the part 7 includes a flange 7a arranged inwardly of the cap or end wall l0 to retain said part against displacement from lthe casing 8, sufficient clearance being allowed between the flange and the mechanisms within the chuck casing to provide for slight longitudinal movement of the casing with respect to the part?. This is true of the beari ing surfaces between the colar 7b of the part Tand the cap or end wall '10.

Arranged within the casing 8 isa jaw supe porting and operatingunit A comprising a collar 19,1a sleeve 20, a thrust ring 21, and

bearing balls 22 disposed betweenthe ring' and said collar within vsaid sleeve.r This unit is shown detached iiiFigB ofthe drawing. l The collar i9 has an external screw thread l v19"*.which meshes loosely with the internal screw thread 1l of the casing 8, said collar yhaving an annular groove 19b adjacent"its` lower endto receive an inturned flange 20?.

Y onfthe upber endofl the sleeveSO'zS l0 Y wardlyinclinedandradially eutendin" re-v,

permanently couple thek several parts ofL-the unit 'A together,V 'itgbeing noted `that nievey f ment is lprovided betweenjthe collar sleeve both longitudinally' and radially'to eliminate any possible' binding betweeiiv said l parts. It will `also be seen thatfsuticient clearance-is allowed between the and sleeve 2O topermit radialvand longitud movement of vtheV sleeve vwith respect to ring. yThe sleeve'20 has' ai plurality of upv i cesses .2Ob which "are 'substantially' cylindrical.` .in/crossfsectional form and open outwardly 'throughithclowersurface ci Lne sleeve, and

in which Ithe substantially cylindrical 'heads c 15E'oftlreljaws.ljmare mounted` to permit lthe movement ofsaidjaws'radially, with re'-k 1 spectlto ysaid sleevein the operation ef the 4e" Y Y of the jaws, so that'the Jdat surfaces 15"v there- Y.

chuck; .Thej upperisurfaces'ofthe eylin.

dric'al headsof the jaws. ,are flat as seenat 15b so as to bear uponthe lowerfbeveled sur` face'2l` ofi-the Vririgy2l, the inclination of the beveled surface 2l beingsuc-h as to eX- tend jat right angles to thelongitudinal plane of will: restsnuglyupon thebeveled surface 2l?r1 of, said ring :asvclearly vseen in Figs. l and The upper ,surface of the ring adjacent the inner dia-meterl thereofris provided with 1 an upwardly extendingy flange 211,V which serves to retain the ,ballsl 22 against displacec nient and yet permit the radial movement of said'ba'lls lwith respect `toisaid ring andthe eellarflQ. The' lower surface QZOF rof the isleeve 2Ov is beveled to correspond vwith'vthe inclination of the recesses 2(7)b or the beveled face 2la ofthe ring 2l, andthe lower outer corners are also beveled as seen .at-*20dV to provide thenecessa'ryclearance permitting the complete upward and "downward movement of the lunit within the parts of the casing of theehuck aswill beV apparent.

The bore of the lcollar V19 isk of the cross sectional form clearly seen in Fig. 2 of the Vdrawing and is provided with oppositely die- *posed inwardly extending shoulders'ZS liavf y "ingbeveled side walls 232.V The part wherek Vit oper ates in the collar 19 or between the drawing. AThe corner portions 24a formedby 19 in tlie operation of Inovingthejaws vl5 fiance 'Fand truniiion l18 is s uare'in" cross?V s c q .c y sectionalforin as seen at 24,'Fig; 2 .of ,the c quick and free release of the-tool bgyfzarsud#YV dengblovv imparted to the peripheral wall. of .i i, m e0 j thefcasin'g ina directionk vwhich willadvance the sleevelupwardly insaidcasing.; A v l yThe movement ofthe corners 24a ifromt-he, Y, locked position to the Yreleasing?position eon-l stitutes ahammerblow upon the collar 19 byfvirtuev of tlieffieeV travel of said corner V shoulders the collary '19l thereof isryfree to travelupwardly anddownwardly uponthe Vsquare shank. portions 2liY of thel part` 7 It'will"V also'be understood Ythat' in the several movements of they unit, the parts thereoffare capa:- ble of free relative movement Vby virtue `of the clearance `provided between said respecf.V`V w vtive parts' as well asuiny conjunction Vwith the Vcasinglof the ,Ydevice.. V,As the unit; is moved kupwardly and downwardly in thechuck casing, the jaws '15are niovedup``r kwardlyand ydownwardlyin the bores -14 so portions froni-'oneofvthe beveled faces kof the;

f 23 te the Yotherbeveled faces'y theref finthe abete describe-fi @pensarn will Y be understood that the unit A and especially as to separate andbring togetherv the :beveled 'c grippingfaces lcthereof.

have shown my improved unit 'as arranged specific structural details herein shown and It will also be understood that while I lina casing of specilic construction and have illustrated certainV 'structural charaeteristics` to the' several vpartsofthe unit', that' my inventiong isfn'ot necessarily limited to .theV

described vandL variousA changes. thereinv and modifications thereof may bepmade `within departingfromjthe spirit of myinvention or sacrificing'its advantages.kk

Athe scope of` the appended vclaims]Y without H5 Having. any described myl inwinnen,

what I claim as vnew and desire to by ALetters Patent, is

1. In a chuck of the classdes'cribed, a cas# secure ing, a jaw, supporting and operating unit Y arranged! in the. casingan'd 'comprising acollarv inscrew threadedengagementfwith VVVthe casingto feed said unit''longitudinallyuV with respect to the axis of the' chueln'a jaw" supporting fsleeve permanently attached to said collar-and withfwhich thercollar is capable of free, rotary, radial Vand longitudinal movement,V saidf'sleeve having radial i recesses opening throughr the upper surfacev ieof thereof, jaws having heads slidably mounted in said recesses and exposed through the upper surface of said sleeve, and a thrust ring arranged between opposedwwalls of the collar and sleeve and upon which the head ends of said jaws are adapted to bear.

2. In a chuck of the class described, a casing, a jaw supporting and operating unit arranged in the casing and comprising a collar in screw threaded engagement with the casing to feed said unit longitudinally with respect to the axis of the chuck, a jaw supporting sleeve permanently attached to said collar and with which the collar is capable of free, rotary, radial and longitudinal movement, said sleeve having radial recesses opening through the upper surface thereof, jaws having heads slidably mounted in said recesses and exposed through the upper surface of said sleeve, a thrust ring arrangedbetween opposed walls of the collar and sleeve and upon which the head ends of said jaws are adapted to bear, the heads of said jaws being arranged angularly in said sleeve and the lower surface of said ring being beveled to dispose said surface in parallelism with the upper surfaces of said jaws, bearing balls disposed between said ring and collar, and means including said sleeve for retaining said balls against displacement and permitting free radial movement thereof with respect to said ring and collar.

3. In a chuck device of the class described, a jaw supporting and operating unit comprising a collar, a sleeve and a ring, said collar being in screw threaded engagement with the chuck device, said sleeve being permanently attached to the collar and movable radially and longitudinally with respect thereto and to said ring, a plurality of bearing balls disposed between the ring and collar, means on the sleeve and ring to retain said balls against displacement and permitting free radial movement thereof,

said sleeve having a plurality of circumferentially spaced radially inclined apertures opening through the upper face of the sleeve, and jaws having heads arranged to move longitudinally of the apertures of said sleeve and radially with respect to the axis of the chuck and the upper surfaces of said heads cooperating with said ring.

4. In a chuck of the class described, a casing, a jaw supporting and operating unit arranged lin the casing and comprising a collar in screw threaded engagement with the casing to feed said unit longitudinally with respect to the axis of the chuck, a jaw supporting sleeve permanently attached to said collar and with which the collar is capable of free, rotary, radial and longitudinal movement, said sleeve having radial recesses opening through the upper surface thereof, jaws having heads slidably mounted in said recesses and exposed through the upper surface of said sleeve, a thrust ring arranged between opposed walls o-f the collar and sleeve and upon which the head ends of said jaws are adapted to bear, the heads of said jaws being arranged angularly in said sleeve and the lower surface of said ring being beveled to dispose said surface in parallelism with the upper surfaces of said jaws and at right angles to the longitudinal axis of said jaws whereby said surfaces maintain a parallel and abutting relation in several positions of the jaws and in the thrust of said jaws on said ring.

5. In a chuck device of the class described, a jaw supporting and operating unit comprising a collar, a sleeve and a ring, said collar being in screw threaded engagement with the chuck device, said sleeve being permanently attached to the collar and movable radially and longitudinally with respect thereto and to said ring, a plurality of bearing balls disposed between the ring and collar, means on the sleeve and ring to retain said balls against displacement and permitting free radial movement thereof, said sleeve having a plurality of circumferentially spaced, radially inclined apertures opening through the upper face of the sleeve, and jaws having heads arranged to move longitudinally of the apertures of said sleeve and radially with respect to the axis of the chuck, the upper surfaces of said heads cooperating with said ring, and the surface of said ring engaging said heads being arranged in parallel relation to said heads, and at right angles to the axis of said jaws whereby the surfaces of said ring and heads are maintained in parallel and abutting relation in the several positions of said jaws.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name this 2nd day of July, 1929.

GEORGE W. EMRICK. 

